WEIHUOQUYOUDAIBIAOXINGDETURANGYANGPIN，TURANGCAIYANGBUDIANBIXUZUNXUNSUIJIHEDENGLIANGDEYUANZE。YANGPINSHIYOUZONGTIZHONGSUIJICAIJIDEYIXIEGETISUOZUCHENG，GETIZHIJIANCUNZAIBIANYI。YINCIYANGPINYUZONGTIZHIJIAN，JICUNZAITONGZHIDE“QINYUAN”GUANXI，YANGPINKEZUOWEIZONGTIDEDAIBIAO，DANTONGSHIYECUNZAIZHEYIDINGCHENGDUDEYIZHIXING，CHAYIYUXIAO，YANGPINDEDAIBIAOXINGYUHAO；FANZHIYIRAN。WEILESHICAIJIDEJIANCEYANGPINJUYOUHAODEDAIBIAOXING，BIXUBIMIANYIQIEZHUGUANYINSU，SHIZUQIUZONGTIDEGETIYOUTONGYANGDEJIHUIBEIXUANRUYANGPIN，JIZUCHENGYANGPINDEGETIYINGDANGSHISUIJIDIQUZIZONGTI。LINGYIFANGMIAN，YIZUXUYAOXIANGHUZHIJIANJINXINGBIJIAODEYANGPINYINGDANGYOUTONGYANGDEGETIZUCHENG，FOUZEYANGBENDADEGETISUOZUCHENGDEYANGPIN，QIDAIBIAOXINGHUIDAYUYANGBENSHAODEGETIZUCHENGDEYANGPIN。SUOYI“SUIJI”HE“DENGLIANG”SHIJUEDINGYANGPINJUYOUTONGDENGDAIBIAOXINGDEZHONGYAOTIAOJIAN。
一、布点原则
土壤监测点位布设方法和布设数量是根据其目的和要求，并结合现场勘查结果确定该区域内土壤监测点位。同时必须遵循如下5个原则。
（YI）QUANMIANXINGYUAN
BUSHEDEDIANWEIYAOQUANMIANFUGAIBUTONGLEIXINGDIAOCHAJIANCEDANYUANQUYU。
（ER）DAIBIAOXINGYUANZE
ZHENDUIBUTONGDIAOCHAJIANCEDANYUANQUYUTURANGDEWURANZHUANGKUANGHEWURANKONGJIANFENBUTEZHENGCAIYONGBUTONGBUDIANFANGFA，BUSHEDEDIANWEIYAONENGGOUDAIBIAODIAOCHAJIANCEQUYUNEITURANGHUANJINGZHILIANGZHUANGKUANG。
（SAN）KEGUANXINGYUANZE
JUTICAIYANGDIANXUANQUYINGZUNXUN“SUIJI”HE“DENGLIANG”YUANZE，BIMIANYIQIEZHUGUANYINSUO，SHIZUCHENGZONGTIDEGETIYOUTONGYANGDEJIHUIBEIXUANRUYANGPIN，TONGJIBIEYANGPINYINGDANGYOUXIANGSIDEDENGLIANGGETIZUCHENG，BAOZHENGXIANGTONGDEDAIBIAOXING。
（SI）KEXINGXINGYUANZE
BUDIANYINGJIANGUCAIYANGXIANCHANGDESHIJIQINGKUANG，KAOLVJIAOTONG、ANQUANDENGFANGMIANQINGKUANG：BAOZHENGYANGPINDAIBIAOXINGZUIDAHUA、ZUIDAXIANDUJIEYUERENLIHESHIYANSHIZIYUAN。
（WU）LIANXUXINGYUANZE
BUDIANZAIMANZUBENCIDIAOCHAJIANCEYAOQIUDEJICHUSHANG，YINGJIANGUYIWANGTURANGDIAOCHAJIANCEBUSHEDEDIANWEIQINGKUANG，BINGKAOLVZHANGQILIANXUDIAOCHAJIANCEDEYAOQIU。
ER、BUDIANFANGFA
（YI）JIANDANSUIJI
JIANGJIANCEDANYUANFENCHENGWANGGE，MEIGEWANGGEBIANSHANGHAOMA，JUEDINGCAIYANGDIANYANGPINSHUHOU，SUIJICHOUQUGUIDINGDEYANGPINSHUDEYANGPIN，QIYANGBENHAOMADUIYINGDEWANGGEHAO，JIWEICAIYANGDIAN。SUIJIHAOMADEHUODEKEYILIYONGCHOUQIANDEFANGFA。JIANDANSUIJIBUDIANSHIYIZHONGWANQUANBUDAIZHUGUANXIANZHITIAOJIANDEBUDIANFANGFA。
（ER）FENKUAISUIJI
GENJUSHOUJIDEZILIAO，RUGUODIAOCHAJIANCEQUYUNEIDETURANGYOUMINGXIANDEFANZHONGLEIXING，ZEKEJIANGQUYUFENCHENGJIKUAI，MEIKUAINEIWURANWUJIAOJUNYUN，YINGJIANDECHAYIJIAOMINGXIAN。JIANGMEIKUAIZUOWEIYIGEJIANCEDANYUAN，ZAIMEIGEJIANCEDANYUANNEIZAISUIJIBUDIAN。ZAIZHENGQUEFENKUAIDEQIANTIXIA，FENKUAIBUDIANDEDAIBIAOXINGBIJIANDANSUIJIBUDIANHAO，RUGUOFENKUAIBUZHENGQUE，FENKUAIBUDIANDEXIAOGUOKENENGHUISHIDEQIFAN。
（SAN）XITONGSUIJI
JIANGJIANCEQUYUFENCHENGMIANJIXIANGDENGDEJIBUFEN（WANGGEHUAFEN），MEIWANGGENEIBUSHEYICAIYANGDIAN，ZHEIZHONGBUDIANCHENGWEIXITONGSUIJIBUDIAN。RUGUOQUYUNEITURANGWURANWUHANLIANGBIANHUAJIAODA，XITONGSUIJIBUDIANBIJIANDANSUIJIBUDIANSUOCAIYANGPINDEDAIBIAOXINGYAOHAO。BUDIANFANGSHISHIYIJIANTU3.1 。
SAN、DIANWEISHULIANG
TURANGJIANCEDEBUDIANSHULIANGYAOMANZUYANGBENRONGLIANGDEJIBENYAOQIU，JIYOUJUNFANGCHAHEJUEDUIPIANCHA、BIANYIXISHUHEXIANGDUIPIANCHAJISUANYANGPINSHUSHIYANGPINSHUDEXIAXIANSHUZHI。
1．YOUJUNFANGCHAHEJUEDUIPIANCHAJISUANYANGPINSHU
YONGXIALIEGONGSHIKEJISUANSUOXUDEYANGPINSHU：
N=t2s2 /D2
SHIZHONG：NWEIYANGPINSHU；tWEIXUANDINGZHIXINSHUIPING（TURANGHUANJINGJIANCEYIBANXUANDINGWEI95%）YIDINGZIYOUDUXIADEtZHI；s2WEIJUNFANGCHA，KECONGXIANQIANDEQITAYANJIUHUOZHECONGJICHAR(s2=(R/4)2)GUJI；DWEIKEJIESHOUDEJUEDUIPIANCHA。
SHILI：MOUDITURANGDUOLVLIANBEN（PCB）DENONGDUFANWEI0-13 mg/kg，RUO95％ZHIXINDUSHIPINGJUNZHIYUZHENZHIDEJUEDUIPIANCHAWEI1.5 mg/kg,sWEI3.25 mg/kg，CHUXUANZIYOUDUWEI10，CHAt=2.23ZE
N＝(2.23)2 (3.25)2 /(1.5)2＝23
YINWEI23BICHUXUANDE10DADEDUO，ZHONGXINXUANZEZIYOUDUCHAtZHIJISUANDE：
N＝(2.069)2 (3.25)2/(1.5)2＝20
20GETURANGYANGPINSHUJIAODA，YUANYINSHIQITURANGPCBHANLIANGFENBUBUJUNYUN（(0-13 mg/kg )，YAOJIANGDICAIYANGDEYANGPINSHU，JIUDEXISHENGJIANCEJIEGUODEZHIXINDU（RUCONG95％JIANGDIDAO90%）HUOFANGKUANJIANCEJIEGUODEZHIXINDU（RUCONG1.5 mg/kgZENGJIADAO 2.0 mg/kg) 。
2．YOUBIANYIXISHUHEXIANGDUIPIANCHAJISUANYANGPINSHU
N= t2s2/D2KEBIANWEI：
N=t2Cv2/m2
SHIZHONG：NWEIYANGPINSHU；tWEIXUANDINGZHIXINSHUIPING（TURANGHUANJINGJIANCEYIBANXUANDINGWEI95%）YIDINGZIYOUDUXIADEtZHI；CvWEIBIANYIXISHU，％，KECONGXIANQIANDEQITAYANJIUZILIAOZHONGGUJI；mWEIKEJIESHOUDEXIANGDUIPIANCHA，％，TURANGHUANJINGJIANCEYIBANXIANDINGWEI20%-30%。
MEIYOULISHIZILIAODEDIQU、TURANGBIANYICHENGDUBUTAIDADEDIQU，YIBANCvKEQU10%-30％CULVEGUJI。SHIJIGONGZUOZHONGTURANGBUDIANSHULIANGHAIYAOGENJUDIAOCHAMUDE、DIAOCHAJINGDUHEDIAOCHAQUYUHUANJINGZHUANGKUANGDENGYINSUQUEDING。YIBANYAOQIUMEIGEJIANCEDANYUANZUISHAOSHE3GEDIAN。
3．QUYUTURANGHUANJINGDIAOCHA
ANDIAOCHADEJINGDUBUTONGKECONG2.5 km、5 km、10 km、20 km、40 kmZHONGXUANZEWANGJUWANGGEBUDIAN，QUYUNEIDEWANGGEJIEDIANSHUJIWEITURANGCAIYANGDIANSHULIANG。
SI、ZHUYISHIXIANG
(1) BUDIANYANZHENG：DIANWEIBUSHEBUNENGZUIZHONGQUEDINGQIAN，KEJINXINGXIANCHANGDIAOCHAJIYUCAIYANGXIANGJIEHE，GENJUBEIJINGZILIAOYUXIANCHANGKAOCHAJIEGUO，CAIJIYIDINGSHULIANGDEYANGPINFENXICEDING，YONGYUCHUBUYANZHENGWURANWUKONGJIANFENYIXINGHEPANDUANTURANGWURANCHENGDU，WEIBUDIANFANGSHIZUOSHIDANGDEYANZHENG。
(2) BUCHONGBUDIAN：ZHENGSHICAIYANG、JIANCEJIESHUHOU，RUOFAXIANBUSHEDEYANGDIANWEINENGMANZUDIAOCHAMUDE，ZEYAOZENGSHECAIYANGDIANBUCHONGCAIYANG。
(3）DIANWEIBUSHEJINGXIANCHANGKANCHA，YUDAOXIALIEJIZHONGQINGXINGDE，YINGYUYIDIAOZHENG。
① DANGCAIYANGQULUOZAIDAMIANJIWEISHUIMIAN（HEHU、KU）QUYUSHI，YINGQUXIAOGAIQUYUDIANWEI；WANGGENEIBUFENQUYUWEIHE（HU、KU）QUNEISHI，YINGJIANGDIANWEIPINGYIZHIWANGGEQUNEIDEZUIJINJULIDEFEIHE（HU、KU）QUXUANZEBEICAIDIAN。②DANGCAIYANGQUYINONGTIANTURANGWEIZHU，CAIYANGDIANLUOZAIGONGLUDAISHI，ZAIGONGLULIANGCE300 mYIWAIFENBIEXUANQUYIGEDIANZUOWEIBEICAIDIANCAIYANG。③DANGCAIYANGQULUOZAIGAOYUANQU，QUYUSHOURENLEISHENGCHANHUODONGYINGXIANGJIAOXIAO，KESHIDANGSUOJIANQUYUNEIJIANCEDIANWEI，ZAISHIHECAIYANGDIBUSHEDIANWEI，SHIJIANCEJIEGUOJIBENKEDAIBIAOGAOYUANQUYUNEISUOYOUTURANGHUANJINGZHILIANG。④BIMIANZAISHANLIN（CAO、SHA）QUZHONGXINDIDAIXUANDIAN。⑤POJIAO、WADIDENGJUYOUCONGSHUJINGGUANTEZHENGDEDIDIANBUSHECAIYANGDIAN。⑥CHENGZHEN、ZHUZHAI、DAOLU、GOUQU、FENKENG、FENMUFUJINDENGCHURENWEIGANRAODA，SHIQUTURANGDEDAIBIAOXING，BUYISHECAIYANGDIAN。⑦JINLIANGBIKAIDUOZHONGTULEI、DUOZHONGMUZHIMUYANJIAOCUOFENBUDEDIQUBUSHECAIYANGDIAN。
